报告介绍 报告摘要：　　燃料电池汽车被认为是新能源汽车的终极解决方案。目前，国内外燃料电池汽车在比功率、耐久性和低温启动等性能方面均已取得突破性进展，满足美国DOE对燃料电池汽车商业化需求。但真正要实现大规模产业化，还需进一步降低成本，其中关键是降低阴极氧还原电催化剂的铂用量，实现超低铂阴极（≦0.1 gPt/kW），由此遇到了巨大挑战。本报告将首先阐明超低铂阴极中的氧还原动力学特征和局域传质特点，进一步揭示测试条件、电极...

报告介绍 报告摘要：　　多种形貌的多元金属核壳纳米结构因为其通过控制合金元素的分布表现出多重的功能引起极大的兴趣。许多年来，已经发展了多种气相和液相的手段合成这种核壳纳米结构， 其中形核生长的机理主要可归纳为层状生长、岛状生长和两者结合的这三种生长模式。最近，在透射电子显微技术上的一个重大发展是利用特殊的液体样品腔来对液相环境进行成像。这个液相成像技术上的突破提供了一种原位研究纳米晶形核生长行为的途径1-2。然而...

报告介绍 报告摘要:　　随着纳米技术与电子信息产业的快速发展，核心材料与元器件的特征加工尺寸已走向7纳米。在未来更小尺度下，材料是否依然那样稳定？如此小尺度下如何精准表征和检测这些材料的稳定性和可能的新物性？新型纳米材料能否派上用场？可以实现哪些应用？所有这些都需要在原子尺度上首先精准的表征出材料的结构特征，之后探索精准的调控与实现原子尺度制造的方法，最后基于这些方法实现其可能的结构组装与相关应用。本报告借助自...

报告介绍 报告摘要：　　Here, I report structure-property relationships in SiAlON:RE photoluminescence materials and Cu2S0.5Te0.5 thermoelectric materials by using atom-resolved scanning transmission electron microscopes along with EDS, EELS and CL (cathodoluminescence) microanalysis and first-principle calculations. We determined variety of doping structures of rare earth ions (Ce and Eu) in a- and b-SiAlON ...

报告介绍 Abstract:　　Quantum Hall effect (QHE) is one of the most fruitful research topics in condensed-matter physics. Ordinarily, the QHE manifests in a ground state with time-reversal symmetry broken by magnetization to carry a quantized chiral edge conductivity around a two-dimensional insulating bulk. We propose a theoretical concept and model of non-equilibrium excited-state QHE (EQHE) without intrins...

报告介绍 报告摘要：　　低维磁性结构，如磁性隧道结或磁性自旋阀，是磁电子学器件和磁性传感器的核心功能单元，随着目前信息工业的快速发展，它们在进一步微型化过程中碰到了停滞不前的困境，其中一个根本的问题在于目前人们对纳米尺度和亚纳米尺度下，低维磁性结构单体实际发生的磁化动力学中的关键过程缺乏直观、直接的了解。为了解决这些磁学问题，我们课题组提出并制造了扫描电镜和透射电镜两类原位纳米单体磁输运测量仪器，并用于了多种...

报告介绍 报告摘要：　　结构是空间内元素关系的抽象，从欧几里得到希尔伯特空间，从数域到拓扑空间，对空间内优异结构的渴求与不断复杂的空间体系似乎是一对难以调和的矛盾。代数学逐渐取代微积分后，向量的内积与外积成为描述物理过程与现象的抓手，同时也是制约人们想象力的原罪。向量的内积与局域对称性息息相关；而单电子过程中功能材料功能性起源于局域对称性。皮米尺度对于局域对称性的精确表征需求极大促进了球差校正电子显微方法的发...

报告介绍 报告内容介绍：  　　近几年有机配体功能化共价修饰金属纳米团簇已经成为一类新兴的纳米团簇材料。这类原子精确的金属纳米团簇处于亚纳米尺度，被认为是链接传统纳米材料与金属原子态之间的重要桥梁。它们在表界面催化，生物学等交叉学科领域具有广泛的潜在应用价值引起很多研究者的持续广泛的关注。然而这些金属纳米团簇精准结构测定本身是个巨大的挑战。本报告将简要介绍上海同步辐射光源衍射线站最新实验技术发展。从物...

报告介绍 Abstract：　　Superconductivity in iron-based superconductors emerges from long-range ordered antiferromagnetic phase with nematic order that breaks four-fold rotational symmetry of the underlying lattice. In spite of considerable work over the past decade, much is unclear concerning the microscopic origin of superconductivity and its relationship with magnetism, nematicity, and orbital order. In th...

报告介绍 Abstract：　　The heart is the first functional organ formed in mammalian embryonic development. Organ morphogenesis depends on the spatiotemporal arrangement of cells during development. The most well-known mechanism that contributes to the final shape of an organ is cellular intercalation in response to morphogens. A less well-known but essential mechanism is oriented cell division (OCD). OCD is t...

报告介绍 Abstract：　　The electronic structure of matter is critical information that determine its electric, magnetic and optical properties. The precise understanding of such information will not only help understand the rich properties and physical phenomena of quantum materials, but also guide the design of their potential applications.Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is an effective me...

报告介绍 报告摘要：　　作为近几年才兴起的一种新型材料，共价有机多孔晶体（Covalent Organic Frameworks, COFs）在材料、能源、信息和环境等科学领域有着广泛的应用前景。近年来，我们设计合成了两种具有良好的催化活性三维微孔碱性功能化的BF-COFs。1我们发现酰亚胺化反应也可用于合成具有非-或多重穿插结构的三维多孔结晶PI-COFs。在药物缓释的应用研究中，这种材料显示了高的药物负载量和良好的可控释放性能。2我们也首次使用两种类型的...

报告介绍 Abstract：　　Because of their high energy density, lithium ion batteries (LIBs) have become a rapidly growing energy storage technology, particularly in mobile applications, such as portable electronics, hybrid electric cars, etc. The cathode materials are considered to be the performance-limiting factor in research designed to increase cell energy and power density. During the cathode materials ex...

报告介绍 Abstract：　　One of the grand challenges facing humanity today is the development of an alternative energy system that is safe, clean, and sustainable. A distributed renewable electrochemical energy and mobility system (DREEMS) can meet this challenge. At the foundation of this new energy system, we have chosen to study fuel cells, electrolyzers, and flow batteries. For all these devices polymer el...

报告介绍 Abstract：　　Lead halide perovskites have been demonstrated as high performance materials in solar cells and light-emitting devices. These materials are characterized by coherent band transport expected from crystalline semiconductors, but dielectric responses and phonon dynamics typical of liquids.  Here we explain the essential physics in this class of materials based on their dielectric fun...

报告介绍 Abstract:　　Algorithms for finding transition states in atomic scale systems will be discussed, as well as how transition state theory rates can be used with kinetic Monte Carlo for modeling dynamics in materials over long time scales. About the speaker:　　Graeme Henkelman is professor of chemistry and director of Center for Computational Molecular Sciences in the University of Texas at Austi...