报告介绍 报告摘要：　　采用超高真空扫描隧道显微镜研究了窄禁带半导体碲镉汞。样品表面纳米孔洞结构深度随成像偏压极性发生出乎预料的改变；在负偏压下变浅深度远大于经典隧穿理论的预言。该现象的解释是，相对于孔洞区平带模型决定的隧穿机制，正负成像偏压下平坦区则发生了平衡与非平衡隧穿机制的转变。在后者情形，针尖－表面作用了对形貌起伏有着不可忽视的影响。其中的电子输运限制图象可从暗电流模型的模拟获得定量支持。

报告介绍 Abstract: 　　The Kondo effect, a phenomenon found in 1930's and interpreted by Kondo in 1964, still attracts much attention in recent years due to the great advance of the nanotechnology. In this talk, we firstly give a brief review on the Kondo physics and its experimental studies. Then, we focus on several explicit systems to show the nature of the Kondo effect like the single magnetic atom on th...

报告介绍 报告摘要：　　Our group as a longstanding interest in developing new methods for the synthesis of heterocycles, as well as the application of these methods to natural products total synthesis.1 Much work in our group has been directed towards heteroannulations of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes.2 In very general terms, if a species 1  contains orthogonally reactive nucleophilic and electrophilic s...

报告介绍 报告摘要：　　The study of photocatalysis has received great attentions from chemists, physicists as well as material scientists because of its important applications in energy and environmental sciences. In the last few years, we have developed experimental techniques in our laboratory to target the photocatalysis problem. Using the 2PPE technique and the TOF-TPD technique in combination with ...

报告介绍 Abstract：　　Mechanical properties are fundamental and critical for designing advanced materials and systems with enhanced safety margin and energy efficiency. A typical fracture in a solid material always starts with electronic bonds breaking at the scale of angstroms (10-10 m), spanning several orders of magnitude in scale of space. It is desired to have electrons modeled in large scale modeling ...

报告介绍 报告内容:　　纳米科学与技术的迅速发展迫切需要纳米尺度下研究手段与研究方法的不断更新与发展。本文基于原位动态电子显微学技术，借助“将纳米实验室建在透射电子显微镜里”的构想，发展了多种从原子尺度上直接开展各种实验的新技术与新方法。如纳米材料的原位生长；化学反应的实时观测；石墨烯的原位加工与单原子操控；高温高压下材料的动态结构表征；阻变存储器的原位构建等。直接从原子尺度探索纳米材料的结构与性能...

报告介绍 报告摘要：　　Chemical engineering is a discipline that harnesses the knowledge of physical science (e.g. chemistry and physics), and life sciences (e.g. biology, microbiology and biochemistry) with mathematics and economics, to develop the processes of converting raw materials into valuable products. Modern chemical engineering has been focusing more and more on development of new functional produc...

报告介绍 报告摘要: 　　报告将介绍武器物理、惯性约束聚变等研究领域对原子分子物理参数的需求，以及北京应用物理与计算数学研究所的原子分子物理研究团队，围绕应用需求所开展的相关应用基础研究，包括局域热动平衡等离子体的辐射不透明度、非局域热动平衡等离子体的原子动理学和辐射性质、高剥离态离子物理、重粒子碰撞理论研究，以及原子分子数据库建设等方面的进展。　　为了加强面向国家重大需求的高能量密度物质性质方面的应用基础研究...

报告介绍 报告简介:　　We have developed an efficient CALYPSO (Crystal structural AnaLYsis by Particle Swarm Optimization) method for structure prediction from “scratch”. CALYPSO methodology is based on a global minimization of free energy surfaces merging total-energy calculations via CALYPSO technique and requires only chemical compositions for a given compound to predict stable or metastable st...

报告介绍 报告简介: 　　Bell's inequalities can be seen as a family of entanglement witnesses, with a very special property: they detect entanglement without need of prior knowledge on the nature of the system or the measurements. For this reason, they can be used for ``device-independent" assessment.In this talk, I shall review the main results in device-independent quantum cryptography, randomness gene...

报告介绍 报告简介: 　　It is known that the physical principle of "no-signaling" alone does not single out quantum correlations, and that the post-quantum no-signaling correlations share many of the features that are supposed to define quantum physics (intrinsic randomness, no-cloning, violation of Bell's inequalities...). This talk focuses on the principle ofInformation Causality (IC), which gener...

报告介绍 报告摘要:　　Powering our planet with a sustainable energy supply is not only critical to improving the quality of life but also is becoming essential to meeting the ever increasing demand of energy by a growing world population. Fossil fuels, the main energy sources that we depend on today, have negative impact on our environment and are limited in supply. It becomes imperative to develop new proce...

报告介绍 溶液体系中的微观动力学研究是凝聚态科学中的一个核心问题。我们以理论光谱学为桥梁，将化学统计力学理论计算与各种先进谱学技术结合起 来，针对蛋白质及离子水溶液这类广受关注的溶液体系进行初步探索。 我们拓展了马尔科夫态模型与数值激子演进方程相结合的技术，以对瞬间升温触发肽链微秒以上长时间去折叠过程的红外以及二位红外光谱进行模拟。为了克服这一 工作中存在的计算量过于昂贵以及溶剂模型不能很好描述温度依赖性的问题...

报告介绍 报告摘要：Supplying the world with sustainable energy is one of the most pressing issues in modern society. Dramatically improved control over heat, electricity and solar energy is essential to create a new energy paradigm. Nanomaterials with carefully tailored properties (such as interface, geometry) can be used to manipulate the flow of phonons, electrons and photons, to enable novel energy device...

报告介绍 报告摘要：The combination of rising global energy demands, diminishing fossil fuel stores, and climate change has prompted intense interest in developing alternative carbon-neutral energy technologies. The capture and conversion of solar energy to chemical fuels is a promising strategy to meet this need, and an ideal approach is to drive water splitting to hydrogen and oxygen using solar energy inpu...

报告介绍 生物酶是维系生命自然运转的关键。针对各类酶尤其是过渡金属酶催化反应的研究，是揭示疾病感染、免疫行为、信息感知、生物抗药性、细胞更新与衰老等生命奥秘的有力突破点。报告人运用密度泛函理论方法（DFT）模拟了多系列过渡金属酶的催化反应过程，包括含闭壳层过渡金属的双锌酶，含开壳层过渡金属的含镍酶、VB12-依赖酶等，揭示了催化反应机理，并探讨了催化过程中的范德华力作用（弱相互作用）的重要性。