报告介绍 Abstract：Biominerals are remarkable materials with complex and often hierarchical structures (see image of sea urchin spine below) and superior physical properties compared to man made materials made at ambient conditions in aqueous environment. Biominerals are organic-inorganic hybrid materials and the crystallization of the inorganic mineral is highly controlled by organic – usually polymer...

报告介绍 报告摘要： As a promising non-noble-metal material for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), the MoS2 has received significant research interests. The pristine MoS2 is known to contain a catalytically inert basal plane. Activating the basal planes of MoS2 via a phase structure engineering strategy could further improve its catalytic activity in the HER activity. However, the fundamental mechanism about...

报告介绍 Abstract： Mechanochemical transduction processes, that is, cascades of events that translate macroscopic forces into chemical reactions, are common in all living organisms. These, in turn, elicit electrical signals, open ion channels, promote cell growth, and enable many other vital functions. It inspired the scientists to develop design principles for new materials that translate mechanical s...

报告介绍 报告摘要： 非晶合金具有许多优异的力学、物理和化学性能，良好的应用前景，有望成为新一代的金属材料，因此，非晶合金的形成、结构和性能的研究备受关注，其中，非晶合金的形成机理和塑性变形机理是非晶态物理和材料领域的两个核心科学问题。在快速冷却过程中合金过冷液体的粘度（结构弛豫时间）在数十度的温区内增大十几个数量级，如何解释动力学的急剧变化这一极为异常且又普遍存在的动力学特征是目前凝聚态物理面临的最重要的挑...

报告介绍 报告摘要： In recent years, two-dimensional (2D) or quasi-2D materials have attracted numerous interests for their fascinating properties. It is highly desirable to design new functional 2D materials. A method based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is proposed to design 2D and Q2D materials. With this development, we discover several new functional 2D/Q2D materials: a new 2D semico...

报告介绍 报告摘要： High quality low-dimensional carbon materials, such as carbon nanotube and graphene, is highly desired for both fundamental research and their industrial applications. While their controllable synthesis has been a great challenge due to the extremely large number of combinations of experimental parameters and the lack of understanding of the growth mechanism. Using the first-principles th...

报告介绍 报告摘要： In recent years, research on nucleation and crystallization has revealed alternative pathways to the classical ones known from the textbooks of crystallization. These so called nonclassical pathways allow for a better understanding of so far difficult to understand crystallization processes as observed for example in Biomineralization. In addition, they open up entirely new possibilities ...

报告介绍 报告摘要：电子-分子碰撞过程在天体物理，等离子体物理，惯性约束核聚变，大气物理，和生物物理中有非常重要的运用 [1]。在极性分子的低能电子碰撞实验中，测量小角度的微分截面非常困难，给实验测量带来挑战，难于获得其在低能量端的积分截面。低能电子与生物分子散射形成共振态可引起化学键的断裂，是生物体系辐射损伤的主要原因之一，同时该过程在解离性电子贴附实验中极为重要[2]。然而由于实验分析各反应通道过程比较复杂，该类...

报告介绍 Abstract： Which features make the brain such a powerful and energy-efficient computing machine? Can we reproduce them in the solid state, and if so, what type of computing paradigm would we obtain? I will show that a machine that uses memory to both process and store information, like our brain, and is endowed with intrinsic parallelism and information overhead - namely takes advantage, via its col...

报告介绍 报告摘要：　　Developing highly efficient electrocatalysts is becoming increasingly important to renewable energy applications, where novel methods to controllably tune the catalytic activities are highly desired. Inspired by Li ion battery studies with a wide range of electrochemical window, we have developed an electrochemical tuning method to controllably modify the electronic structures of catal...

报告介绍 报告摘要：材料的物相与相变一直是物理学界最关注的科学问题之一。关于铁磁一级相变，通常认为在温度降至居里温度Tc时，一级相变完成并且材料表现出非零的自发磁化；在居里温度Tc以上，自由能可以表示为温度T和磁场H的解析式。然而，1969年，Robert B. Griffiths在研究铁磁体的随机伊辛模型时，从理论上预测，居里温度Tc以上仍然存在非解析的类一级相变现象，这被后人定义为Griffiths相变，该相变区间被称作Griffiths相。近五十年来...

报告介绍 报告摘要：近年来，单原子层厚度的二维半导体材料以优异的光电子性能，为实现更快更小的光电子器件带来了新的希望。由于量子限域和库仑屏蔽效应，二维激子束缚能可高达几百毫电子伏，其动力学过程决定了单层二维半导体材料的光电子性能并具有丰富的物理内涵。利用飞秒激光，我们发展出一套时空分辨瞬态吸收显微光谱技术，通过在时间和空间上观测二维激子扩散输运的动力学过程，可以精确测量出二维激子的寿命、扩散系数、扩散距离以及...

报告介绍 报告摘要：主要介绍同步辐射X射线精细结构谱（XAFS）实验方法的基本原理、应用、实验要点及数据分析方面。 报告人简介：储胜启，副研究员，已在北京同步辐射实验室XAFS实验站从事研究工作6年，开展高压原位XAFS、QXAFS等实验研究，合作发表论文20余篇。

报告介绍 Abstract： The core of energy conversion technologies is developing efficient electrocatalysts for a series of electrochemical reactions proceeded on the electrodes. In the past five years, we developed different carbon-based (e.g. heteroatoms doped graphene and carbon nitride) nanomaterials for efficient electrocatalysis like oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Th...

报告介绍 Abstract： The discovery and design of new complex functional materials -- and an understanding of their emergent phenomena and functional behavior in terms of their chemical composition and atomic-scale structure -- is a grand challenge. In this talk, I will describe a new pipeline that integrates high-throughput ab initio density functional theory calculations with high-throughput experiments to d...

报告介绍 Abstract： In this talk, I'll briefly introduce the recently developed algorithm of nonsymmetric polar surface and interface formation energy in compound semiconductors. Our new approach improved the accuracy for roughly one order of magnitude. With this new algorithm, we are able to predict the stability of various compound semiconductor surfaces, hetero structures, and grain boundaries and ne...